It's good to know that you enjoy your beef BSE'd...
Mad cow disease – a very British response to an international crisis
BSE's unheralded arrival in the UK – it might have in fact existed since the 1970s at such a low level that farmers and vets did not notice it – was to wreak havoc in agriculture, undermine trust in government and sour international relations. The linked human disease, called variant CJD, or "the British disease" in some quarters, has caused the lingering deaths of 176 Britons and nearly 50 others around the world, including three in the US. The whole episode has cost the British taxpayers billions.
After 14 years, the UK government in 2000 finally accepted,
after a long, detailed and costly independent inquiry, that the failures of successive administrations had contributed to the BSE catastrophe.
https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/apr/25/mad-cow-disease-british-crisis
Public misled over BSE
A searing indictment of the way the former Conservative government dismissed public fears over "mad cow" disease is revealed by the long-awaited report of the BSE inquiry, published yesterday.
A catalogue of errors and misjudgements occurred in practically every sphere of government that dealt with the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) crisis over a 10-year period, the £16m inquiry found.
Almost every person in authority, from ministers to civil servants, is criticised by the report for taking a subjective view towards the very real risks of the disease crossing from cattle to humans.
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-...ealth-news/public-misled-over-bse-634244.html
BSE timeline
July 1989
EC bans export of cattle born before July 1988.
November 1989
Ban on use of cows brain and spinal cord for human consumption.
March 1990
EC restricts exports of cattle to those under six months.
May 1990
Agriculture Minister John Gummer and his daughter eat beef burgers in front of British press.
September 1990
Ban on using cow brains and spinal cords in Animal feed.
July 1993
100,000th case of BSE in Britain.
1995
First deaths from new variant CJD.
December 1995
Ban on using mechanically recovered meat for human consumption.
21 March 1996
Government announces suspected link between BSE and human equivalent, CJD.
27 March 1996
EC announces worldwide export ban on all British beef.
21 May 1996
UK begins policy of non co-operation with EU partners until ban is lifted.
24 May 1996
The UK applies to the European Court of Justice to have the ban overturned.
12 June 1996
UK proposes phased lifting of ban, including exemption of cattle from herds certified as never having had BSE.
1 June 1996
European Heads of Government agree to the Florence Framework for the progressive removal of the ban. The Agreement outlined five pre-conditions for the resumption of exports:
• A selective slaughter programme of "at risk" animals to speed up the eradication of BSE in the UK.
• Improved systems of animal identification and tracing.
• Legislation for the removal of meat and bone meal from feed mills and farms.
• Effective implementation of the Over Thirty Month slaughter scheme.
• Vigorous and effective removal of specified risk materials from carcasses.
UK drops its policy of disrupting EU business to get the ban lifted.
18 July 1996
The European Parliament sets up a Temporary Committee of Inquiry to investigate alleged maladministration in relation to BSE in the EC. It produces a report the following February which was critical of the UK and the Commission in its handling of the BSE crisis.
December 1996
Britain announces that the backlog of animals waiting to be slaughtered under the Over Thirty Month Scheme is cleared. Proposals for a certified heads scheme are announced. The selective cull of cattle most at risk of BSE is announced which means that the UK has acted on all five pre-conditions of the Florence Agreement.
April 1997
The European Parliament sets up a new Temporary Committee to monitor the European Commission's follow up actions to the first committee's recommendations. It produces its final report in November 1997.
May 1997
Government says it may ban imports of beef from Germany and other EU countries which do not observe Britain's strict abattoir hygiene controls.
30 September 1997
The Advocate General says the EU beef ban was lawful and on 5 May 1998 the ECJ upheld its validity. Although a ruling on the vailidity of the ban was still nine months away, the UK concentrates its efforts on lifting the ban through negotiation and agreement with EU partners.
2 October 1997
A proposal for a UK Date Based Export Scheme is submitted to the European Commission along with a paper giving the scientific rationale for the proposal. The proposal includes plans for the compulsory slaughter of all offspring born to BSE infected cows on or after 1 August 1996.
9 December 1997
The UK proposal is considered by Scientific Steering Committee which responds positive but indicated the Commission would need to be satsified with the control mechanisms.
December 1997
Government announces one-off compensation of £85m to beef farmers.
January 1998
A £2m marketing campaign is launched to attempt to restore confidence in British beef. The EU makes a financial contribution to the scheme.
February 1998
Government bans sale of beef on the bone.
9 March 1998
Public inquiry into the origin and spread of BSE and its human equivalent, CJD, opens in London.
16 March 1998
EU vets approve the removal of the ban on British beef exports from certified heads in Northern Ireland. The decision is later ratified by the EC.
1 June 1998
Northern Ireland farmers resume exports - the first time UK beef has been sold abroad since March 1996.
10 June 1998
The European Commission recommends lifting the export ban on British beef for animals born after August 1996.
28 September 1998
Although not a pre-requisite of the Florence Agreement, a computerised cattle traceability system is introduced to the UK. It holds details of all cattle registered or imported into the country.
28 October 1998
An amended proposal is accepted which was voted on by the Standing Veterinary Committee on 4 November 1998. The proposal was due to be tabled at the November Agricultural Council for discussion and a vote.
23 November 1998
European Union farm ministers lift the 32-month ban on the export of beef from the UK. Resumption of exports is expected in March 1999.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/218676.stm
MARCH 1996
The worldwide export of British beef is banned amid fears over the threat of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) or "mad cow disease".
The global export ban covers UK live cattle, meat and products.
JULY 1999
After more than three years of a trade blockade, the European Commission, on the advice of its scientific committee, announces an easing of the ban.
It allows exports of British boneless beef and products to recommence on 1 August.
Under the Date Based Export Scheme, exports are limited to beef and products from animals born after August 1996 and aged between six and 30 months.
The export of live cattle remains banned.
AUGUST 1999
The official end of the export ban is celebrated by farmers as the first consignments of animals due for export are prepared for slaughter and a marketing drive - centred on France - begins.
The farmers are subsequently angered when France and Germany announce they will not lift their bans on British beef because they have further questions over their safety.
NOVEMBER 1999
EU food safety commissioner David Byrne announces the start of legal action against France for refusing to lift the ban.
DECEMBER 1999
French PM Lionel Jospin says his country will not lift the ban and threatens to take the EU to court for trying to force it to take British beef.
FEBRUARY 2000
The European Commission begins legal action against Germany for its failure to lift its ban.
MARCH 2000
Germany agrees to lift its ban but France maintains it will not. Legal action against Paris goes ahead.
DECEMBER 2001
The European Court of Justice says France, in continuing with its ban, is acting illegally.
SEPTEMBER 2002
France's food safety agency announces that it is at last in favour of lifting its ban on UK beef.
MAY 2004
UK meat production safeguards mean British beef is as safe as meat from anywhere else in Europe, the European Food Safety Authority declares.
The authority also predicts the BSE risk will fall from "high" to "moderate" by the end of the year.
The annual incidence of BSE has now fallen to less than 200 cases per 1 million adult cattle.
The epidemic peaked at an annual total of more than 37,000 clinical cases in 1992.
SEPTEMBER 2005
The European Commission confirms the "moderate risk" status of British beef - the same as in the rest of Europe.
It also announces a final thumbs up for British beef after anti-BSE controls on farms and slaughterhouses in the UK are inspected.
Formal talks can now begin with EU governments on a road map for lifting the beef ban completely, the Commission says.
MARCH 2006
The worldwide ban on British beef exports is lifted by the EU almost exactly 10 years since it was imposed.
Veterinary experts vote to allow the UK to export live animals born on or after 1 August 1996, and beef and products from cattle slaughtered after 15 June 2005.
This brings the UK back into line with other EU countries.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4785610.stm