Their system may differ from country to country but it's quite transparent when I export.
It depends on exactly what you mean, but the charges apply everywhere.
The difference between quote and final invoice will be down to slight changes in exchange rate.
Go back a couple of years and there was an edict that anything entering the UK that had been shipped by a VAT-registered foreign business which was not registered in the UK to collect UK VAT, would be returned to the sender. The idea being that foreign senders would collect and remit UK VAT.
This seems to have been abandoned for at least the time-being. It was the major reason why lots of companies refused to ship anything to the UK after Brexit - they had to keep seperate account books for UK trade.