In the guitar and art world the aim is to do as little as is possible. A vintage Strat or Les Paul is hugely devalued if anyone has attempted to fill in or touch-up dings or scratches and the value is absolutely destroyed if it has been refinished or is missing original pickups or parts.
With artworks the primary aim is to remove earlier restoration attempts, e.g. varnish from oil paintings etc. Again touching-up is very much frowned upon and tends to be removed with serious conservation. Clean and original is the goal unless there is very serious damage. Same exists in the world of record collecting, e.g. if anyone has attempted to doctor a grading with say a black marker pen on a rubbed matt black sleeve that is viewed as fraud and it knocks the record down a couple of grades, sellotape, names on sleeves etc is even more detrimental. Real value-killers. Gluing unstuck flip-sleeves back is fine, as is removing stickers, using a light putty eraser to remove minor sleeve dirt as it is totally invisible/non-destructive, but anything beyond that is viewed as dishonest.
The Japanese approach seems very honest, a dropped pot is restored with obvious joints showing clearly it is a damaged pot that has been fixed rather than thrown away. A rusty and chipped Leak TL12.1 is left to tell its story rather than being cosmetically restored. It is only restored to original function. I have a lot of respect for this, but I am also totally obsessive so say a dust bug mark on a 301 triggers the hell out of me. The result is I tend to search very long and hard for genuinely good condition examples of the items I want that need nothing more than restoring to core functionality. I have no audio kit that has had any cosmetic restoration beyond cleaning unless you count the replacement grilles on my JR149s. Everything else has just been cleaned and sympathetically restored to full function.