I'd agree that the vital distinction here wrt NOS is if the system then has an 'adequate' a following low-pass filter or not. (Here 'adequate' means it will suppress all out-of-band components and form the reconstruction filter.)
As with MQA (sigh) the effect of NOS with *no* following filter (or an 'inadequate' one in the above terms) means output of a lot of anharmonic HF that wasn't in the original recording. Thus it represents changes, not faithfulness to the recorded and digitised waveforms.
On one level that may be liked or not. But note that it will depend on how following equipment reacts. So a following amp, or speakers, say, might then generate its own added intermodulation distortion products. Some of which might end up down in the 'baseband' and thus be rather more audible. Which complicates and increases the above - a tendency to generate stuff that wasn't in the source.
The old 'Legato Link' tended to do this. But regardless of the above, I tended to be happy with it from my old Audio CD recorders. Mind you, the kit I followed the DAC with in those cases was usually unlikely to fold much of the HF back down into a more audible range.
