Where would these ‘buffer stocks’ be held and who decides how and when they are used? Any notion of reserves is just funny money. Like saying I have £10K in a bank savings account when I owe the bank £10M.
I have to start by saying that my starting point in all of this was that economic recessions are not “natural” in the same sense that shortages of natural resources cause economic turbulence in the form of starvation.
We have mitigated against shortages of natural resources for thousands of years. Storing grain in times of plenty to release grain in times of dearth goes back at least to the Bible and is rightly seen as a moral imperative to mitigate starvation. The US does something similar today with their Strategic Petroleum Reserve, the US buys petroleum while cheap and sells into the US market when it’s expensive.
A loose buffer stock strategy would be to buy your grain when cheap and sell when expensive and leave the how much, why and when up to the individual buffer stocks. Another strategy is tight price control whereby the government controls the buffer stock and sets a ‘buy price’ and a ‘sell price’ for the stock of the e.g. grain. This strategy effectively stabilises the price of the e.g. grain within the boundaries of the buy price and the sell price.
The buffer stock that it currently used to control inflation in our monetary policy is unemployment. Current monetary policy sees inflation as the result of demand and therefore seeks to suppress demand by suppressing wage demands. When inflation still happens regardless, then our government tinkers with interest rates which is itself inflationary and regressive.
An alternative to a buffer stock of unemployed people is to have a buffer stock of employed people. With a Job Guarantee whereby the government becomes the employer of last resort offering everyone who works the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
Such a strategy would put a floor under the condition people experience in the economy and maximises the public good and stabilises prices.
There are strategies available to stabilise the economic turbulence of the sort we are currently experiencing. The current economic turbulence isn’t natural, it’s a political choice determined by a particular monetary policy.