No idea how to sort this from the Discogs site, but I suspect it would be:
Miles Davis (pretty much everything he did, plus all the posthumous bootleg series, complete sessions boxes etc).
John Coltrane (not complete, but certainly a lot, e.g. all Prestige, all Atlantic, most of the Impulse).
Herbie Hancock (complete Blue Note, Warners & Columbia).
Keith Jarrett (complete Impulse, a lot of the ECM).
Thelonious Monk (most of it).
Glen Gould (I’ve got the huge Columbia Bach box).
David Bowie (pretty much everything, just missing some of the mid-80s stuff and not bothered about completing that period).
Lots of other things in era/career-spanning CD boxes, e.g. Beatles, Dylan, Cohen, Springsteen, Roxy Music, Hawkwind, Grateful Dead, Art Ensemble Of Chicago, Dexter Gordon, Stravinsky, Boulez, etc.
Most of the above involves CD boxes to some degree as jazz aside I tend not to follow bands for full careers tending to prefer one aspect of their catalogue (usually the start). On vinyl I’d say Coltrane and Bowie were by far the biggest physical span (the Miles is largely on CD, I’ve very little vinyl there). Most on the new-wave and indie that makes up my rock collection were only around for a few albums so don’t take up much space to be complete. Even say Kraftwerk is only about 12-13 albums or so, a drop in the ocean compared to Miles, Coltrane or Jarrett!
PS Edit to add pic of the sheer extent of Miles on CD! The Prestige albums box is tucked behind the various complete boxes. I’m really only missing the Complete Plugged Nickel box, and that’s a tough one to find at a good price.